Kontur Population became one of the daily topics of #30DayMapChallenge on Twitter. Population data is applicable for visualization and insight extraction in various domains. In addition, data on the population of the area surrounding the city is also important since the fringe areas may become part of the city. When planning fire services, it is crucial to know the total population and its distribution within a city. We used Kontur Population as the baseline dataset to create a Fire Service Scarcity Risk map to help cities visualize their ability to protect citizens from fire. Read how we used Machine Learning algorithms to detect building footprints from satellite imagery and create a custom population dataset for a site selection project in Abu Dhabi. Reliable population data is a crucial part of such analysis. Using geospatial data analysis significantly reduces the time it takes to find the best location when starting a new business. We created a bivariate choropleth map to visualize the waste bin availability along with population density within one layer. We teamed up with volunteers in Batumi to help them approach the problem of litter that pollutes streets, parks, rivers, and beaches within the city. Kontur team wanted to apply our geospatial expertise to solving local environmental challenges. Humanitarian OSM Summit 2020: Kontur Population & Disaster.Ninja Waste management optimization Read how data correlated with global population density helps support the rapid deployment of emergency mapping campaigns for Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team. The tool is actively used by humanitarian mappers to take action confidently based on data correlated with world population density. The dataset was primarily designed to support visualization behind Disaster Ninja. The latest version of Kontur Population is available at. Non-integer population counts are rounded to integers. 25 km²) are spread out to neighboring cells to satisfy constraints. While the population total is accurate, extremely populated cells (i.e., 500,000 people in. Lakes, rivers, glaciers, sands, forests, and other alike land uses are marked as unpopulated. Quarries and big roads are marked as unpopulated, as they are often falsely detected as populated in GHSL. Building presence, or otherwise built-up area, implies there’s someone on the ground, which is often missed in Facebook Africa data. Known artifacts of GHSL and HRSL datasets are constrained using OpenStreetMap data. Microsoft Building Footprint, Land Information New Zealand, and Copernicus Global Land Service data are used to improve distribution accuracy. GHSL data is overlaid with Facebook population data (HRSL) where available. ![]() ![]() Population calculations are based on the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) – a framework relying on a large set of sensors, including radar and optical public and commercial missions. This property greatly simplifies performing analysis and smoothing over gradients. ![]() The reason why we use H3 grid instead of the common square grid is that unlike squares, hexagons have equal distances between a hexagon centerpoint and the centers of neighboring cells. Kontur Population dataset is represented by H3 hexagons with population counts at 400m resolution. The world population density map shows the distribution of people across the globe, with higher population densities typically concentrated in urban areas and lower densities in rural areas.
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Network consistency-as Ookla defines it, the percentage of test results where users had at least 5 Mbps download/1 Mbps upload speeds-was also closer, with T-Mobile US at 87.3% with Verizon just a few percentage points behind 83.7% and AT&T at 81.3%. The gap was less on upload speeds, with T-Mo’s average median upload speed at 12.19 Mbps, Verizon at 9.98 Mbps and AT&T at 8.06 Mbps, by Ookla’s reckoning. Verizon’s median download speed for Q4 2023 came in at 91.62 Mbps, with AT&T at 90.82 Mbps. Verizon Wireless and AT&T also both saw speed increases, but remain “distant runners up”, the company added. The postings on this site are my own and don’t necessarily represent the positions, strategies, or opinions of AT&T.T-Mobile US continues to ratchet up its network speeds, with modern chipsets able to achieve a median download speed of 188.96 Mbps during the fourth quarter of 2023, up from 163.59 Mbps during the third quarter and a “strong increase”, according to new analysis from Ookla. This article was written by an AT&T employee. You can also learn more about maximizing your AT&T network internet speed in the AT&T Community Forums. If you’re looking for faster Internet, discover what an AT&T Internet plan can do for you. If you aren’t sure your service is as fast as it should be, check out these tips to improve your Internet connection. That’s all there is to it! Your Internet provider uses the download speed to explain how fast your plan is, but if you’re on social media a lot or work from home, upload speeds are important, too. Run the AT&T Speed Test on your computer.If you turned off Wi-Fi first, your computer may take a few seconds to “see” your network again, but you’ll quickly reconnect. You’re connected to the Internet through the cable. If you haven’t seen either one, do a quick search for “Ethernet cable” to see what they look like. TIP: These look like old-fashioned-but heavy-duty-landline phone cables. Connect your computer to the router with an Ethernet cable.Make sure you’re in the same room as your Internet router.For the latter, you need to put the phone down for a few. It doesn’t test your wireless (mobile) plan’s speed, and it’s not a perfect test of your home Internet speed. Keep in mind, that second test checks your phone’s data speed over Wi-Fi. Test your Wi-Fi speed by turning on the device’s Wi-Fi connection.Run the AT&T Speed Test on your mobile device. ![]()
![]() Soft rope, such as nylon, works well for the comfort of the person being gagged, but rougher rope, such as hemp, will scratch the lips quite a bit. bondage bound fucktoy slave arms behind back bdsm bit gag body harness collar everyone gag gagged sexypainslutcocksuckerkinkyroughsexropebondage. A popular exploitation theme during the Golden Age of Comics, bondage. Get inspired by our community of talented artists. Comic book cover art that depicts a character physically restrained, most commonly with ropes or chains, and sometimes gagged. My guy then proceeded to put my least favorite gag in with panties and secured them with the ace. Want to discover art related to bondagegif Check out amazing bondagegif artwork on DeviantArt. And the simple two ropes tied my arms together securely. It’s up to you to initiate them!Ĭheck out even more sexy gifs, like the best animated blowjob gif selection. A rope gag consists of a length of rope wound multiple times through the mouth of the person being gagged similar to a cleave gag. Join the world's largest art community and get personalized art recommendations. ![]() There are many BDSM lovers out there, but some don’t dare to voice their desires. As you’ve seen, you can use ropes, handcuffs, all kinds of sex toys, masks, even leather outfits or lingerie to bring new life to these sensual yet hardcore sexual practices.Įnjoy these animated gifs, and maybe even share your desires with your next partner. These BDSM Gif should have – we hope – inspired you to discover new sexual practices. Newcomers to the BDSM world will also be able to discover the joys and varying pleasures of these practices – there are no limits to your fantasies here.ĭo you like to restrain your partner? Or to be tied up and subjected to the desires of another? To obey, or to make your partner obey? 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Our BDSM Gif selection will definitely turn you on and maybe even make you want to try new things in bed.īrowse also our porn gif collection. ![]() Let yourself be carried away by this sexual practise where there’s no shame, and discover how much bondage, Shibari, sadomasochism and other sexual practices of BDSM can provide you with intense pleasure and new sensations. Let yourself be carried away by this sexual practise where there’s no shame, and discover how much bondage, Shibari, sadomasochism and other sexual practices of BDSM can provide you with intense pleasure and new sensations. If domination or submission excite you, or if pain and bondage give you pleasure, then this selection of 60 BDSM Gif is made for you. Both conveyed the impression of silence and helplessness on the part of the captive.If domination or submission excite you, or if pain and bondage give you pleasure, then this selection of 60 BDSM Gif is made for you. The other favorite, was the cleave gag that was so thick, the captive could not get his mouth closed over it. One of my favorites, was the cleave gag that disappeared at one corner of the mouth, and re-emerged at the other, especially when a few "mmmppfff's" were thrown in for effect. They can be (fairly) easily pushed out with the tongue, no matter how tightly tied, even with a knot in the middle.Īs kids, we did use bandanas and scout neckerchiefs to gag each other, and found that a half bandana or small bandana stuffed in the mouth, followed by a neckerchief or bandana cleave gag was a little more effective. For practical purposes, they are about as useful as pockets in underwear. Another 10% were "over the mouth" or OTM gags, and the rest were "other." Perhaps that's why I favor a good cleave gag. As a boy (and even as an adult) I'd say that 85% of the gags I saw on TV and in the movies, were cleave gags. ![]() For serial 0, it includes Tx (1) and Rx (0), for serial 1, it includes Tx(18) & Rx(19), for serial 2 it includes Tx(16) & Rx(17), and finally for serial 3, it includes Tx(14) & Rx(15). The serial pins of this board have four combinations. Tx indicates the transmission of information whereas the RX indicates receive data. The serial pins of this board like TXD and RXD are used to transmit & receive the serial data. However, the output voltage through this pin to the board will be automatically set up to 5V. The voltage provided by the power jack can be accessed through this pin. The range of supplied input voltage to the board ranges from 7volts to 20volts. When we compare with other types of Arduino boards, these boards are physically superior. These boards offer flexible work memory space is the more & processing power that permits to work with different types of sensors without delay. By using this board, the Arduino mega projected can be designed. All analog pins of this board can be used as digital I/O pins. Every pin of this board comes by a particular function which is allied with it. The pin configuration of this Arduino mega 2560 board is shown below. The USB host chip used in this is MAX3421E.The electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) is 4 KB.The static random access memory (SRAM) is 8 KB.Flash Memory like 256 KB where 8 KB of flash memory is used with the help of bootloader.DC Current for each input/output pin is 40 mA.The digital input/output pins are 54 where 15 of these pins will supply PWM o/p.The input voltage will range from 6volts to 20volts.The recommended Input Voltage will range from 7volts to 12volts.The operating voltage of this microcontroller is 5volts.The specifications of Arduino Mega include the following. These boards work with every existing shield although can adjust to latest shields which utilize these extra pins. Another pin is not associated & it is kept for upcoming purposes. One pin is the IOREF that permit the shields to adjust the voltage offered from the Arduino board. Additionally, there are two latest pins located near the RST pin. The SCL & SDA pins of Mega 2560 R3 board connects to beside the AREF pin. This board can be protected from the unexpected electrical discharge by placing a base plate. So, the power supply of this board can be done by connecting it to a PC using a USB cable, or battery or an AC-DC adapter. This board mainly includes everything which is essential for supporting the microcontroller. It includes digital input/output pins-54, where 16 pins are analog inputs, 14 are used like PWM outputs hardware serial ports ( UARTs) – 4, a crystal oscillator-16 MHz, an ICSP header, a power jack, a USB connection, as well as an RST button. The microcontroller board like “Arduino Mega” depends on the ATmega2560 microcontroller. ![]() You can add up to 6 colors in a color palette. ![]() With HTML Color codes, you can easily pick desired colors, find the related color palettes, download and export colors in different formats (including Hex, RGB, HTML, CSS, SCSS, etc) with a few clicks. HTML Color Codes – a convenient color picking and reusing website ![]() If you are learning about HTML/CSS web design, this is a good tool for you to practice your design skills. It is a very simple HTML color picker tool for website design beginners from an HTML/CSS tutorial website ( ). HTML Color Picker- a free HTML color picker tool for design newbies If you are an Adobe user who wants to create a color scheme from an existing image, this free color picker is ideal. AdobeColor CC - an advanced free color pickerĪdobe Color CC, previously called “Adobe Kuler”, is an advanced free color picker tool which allows users to build color schemes (up to 5 colors) with a color wheel and upload images to extract color schemes automatically. Then, here are a few useful color picker tools: 6. Designers can save the ones they like to their favorites for later use. Then, a series of color scheme examples that consist of these selected colors will be listed on the right side. Unlike the web-based color tools described above, which requires users to choose colors one by one for creating the desired color scheme, this simple online color palette generator shows users different color wheels to easily choose two, three or even four colors at once. Color Supply - an interesting online color palette generator In comparison with Colordot, it offers designers more useful tools to customize and export their designed color schemes. Colourco - an easy-to-use free online color toolĬolourco is an easy-to-use free online color tool that allows UI/UX designers to pick colors, create and download desired palettes with ease. Moreover, its iOS app, which allows designers to create and share colors/color palettes by wiping, is also worth trying. Colordot– a simple free online color pickerĬolordot is a very simple free online color picker which is developed by Hailpixel, allows designers to pick colors and create desired color palettes by scrolling and clicking. You can simply copy and paste the desired color palettes to use them into your design projects quickly. It offers you more than 13 color palettes that are collected based on different countries’ preferences. If you are in a hurry, Flat UI color, a quick color palette tool, is perfect for you. Flat UI Colors – a quick online color palette tool You can install it as an Add-on to the Adobe suite. If you use Adobe suits usually for design, this color tool is a good option since it supports Adobe programs. It has a very low learning curve for new users, especially for some UX/UI design beginners, as it has a simple user interface and considerate user guide. Coolors - a good online color scheme generator with a low learning curveĬoolors is a web-based color scheme generator which allows designers to create, save, share and export a color palette for their UI/UX designs. Here are a few widely-used online web-based/Cloud-based color tools for you: 1. In this aspect, it is very convenient for web/app designers. It can be accessed at anytime or anywhere.
Your Waifu Fluttershy Soundboard (Sexy & Cute MLP Fluttershy Voice Clips) MagicalMysticVA WeThinkWeCreate. Hollywoodedge, Screams 4 Woman Singl PE133801 (Heard once for a boy in the sneak preview of Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse at the end of the movie, but it doesn't happen in the final film. MP3 soundboard clip from Venom Sounds: Marvel vs.This American superhero film was released on October 5, 2018, but unfortunately, the reviews it received from the critics were mostly negative although the performance of Tom Hardy was praised. Hollywoodedge, Object Being Squashe PE105201 The development of a spin-off film based on the character of Venom started after this character appeared in Spider-Man 3.Hollywoodedge, Lightning 08 CloseG SIG012601.Its for us to discover and feel its presence. List of sound clips on this page: Arent we a pair We all have our own dark side. Hollywoodedge, Answering Machine Mo PE251902 Discover hundreds of funny instants sounds, dank memes, sound effect, music soundboard buttons for discord, Free Download and create your own sound buttons in the best soundboard website in the United States. Venom (Disney Infinity-Marvel) TTS Computer AI Voice Type your text and hear it in the voice of Venom (Disney Infinity/Marvel) by masterluigi90. ![]() And the widescreen resolutions are after the standard one, so keep on selecting till you see a WS in the resolutions. Start the game, load your save - here it's again very slow menus for me, but then the game loads fine and then I can setup my preferences, taking care not to set a bad resolution. Solution: go to the 'Main' folder and open wolfconfig.cfg with Notepad, search for fullscreen option and set to 0, also set the resolution back to something safe, like 800圆00. If I set the resolution to something beyond my display limits, the game crashes and won't start. While in the game, the menus to setup the game work fine now - or will work fine after a proper setup and program restart - so here I setup all my preferences. Just start a new game and ESC to skip the intro, then save the game - the menus now work fine. The menus to setup the game are horribly slow on the main menu. Note: when I started the game, the fmv is jerky, just pressed ESC to skip. ![]() Game works great on my Windows 10 laptop with integrated graphics, in widescreen and on max settings. Readme in zip says to backup a few files, then just copy contents of zip into game directory. RealRTCW is arguably an even better way of playing RTCW in 2021 due to its customizability in the settings, along with other improvements, so there's no problem in playing it through this mod.Get the 'Return to Castle Wolfenstein v1.42d Patch' fom,. RealRTCW, while not vanilla, is very faithful to the original game, and is built on the ioRTCW engine mentioned above, which means that significant quality of life improvements like widescreen resolution is supported. You do NOT need to download ioRTCW for this. This is a more convenient option for those that aren't tech savvy or just want to play the game without worry. Your game will restart itself, and then the lip syncing of the in-game characters will be noticeably improved. To fix this, open up the in-game console with the tilde ` key, and enter the commands "/s_useopenal 0" and then "/snd_restart". There is also a lipsyncing bug which you'll probably notice early on. The highest quality option setting uses a new renderer. If you get any framerate issues, simply tick the quality down a notch. Steam looks for "WolfSP.exe" to run the game when you press the green play button on Steam, and by naming the sourceport file to that instead, it will work. If you do that, you will be able to start the sourceport through Steam like you normally would start the game, and Steam will also track your time played. Starting the game through Steam will not work unless you first delete or move the existing WolfSP.exe file, and then rename ioWolfSP.exe to WolfSP.exe to replace it. Remember to start the game up through the sourceport by opening the sourceport executable ioWolfSP.exe. Here is how your files should look in your Return to Castle Wolfenstein folder if you did it right: Again, this will work regardless of whether the base game starts up on Steam, and not only that, it will give you widescreen and native resolution support in the options. From there, you can simply start up the "ioWolfSP" executable to open the game in the sourceport. ![]() Using a program like WinRAR or 7zip, extract the files into your C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Return to Castle Wolfenstein folder. This sourceport will run even if the Steam version doesn't. You can think of ioRTCW as the GZDoom or Quakespasm equivalent for RTCW. Below are some links and instructions for both options.Ī) Download the sourceport for the game called ioRTCW: Whichever of these two options you choose is entirely up to you. RealRTCW is a non-vanilla, but very faithful mod of the game with lots of customizability settings, new weapons, weapon balancing, actual widescreen and native resolution support, and a few other things. ioRTCW is a completely vanilla experience with actual widescreen and native resolution support that works. Your issue is problem #2, which is easily fixed by downloading the sourceport for the game, ioRTCW, or by downloading RealRTCW which is on Steam and is built on the ioRTCW engine. The fix for this is to delete your wolfconfig.cfg file under steamapps/common/Return to Castle Wolfenstein/Main, and then restart the game.Ģ) The single-player mode will simply not start up at all, not even once. Choosing one of them will immediately crash the game and will not be able to be booted back up. ![]() There are TWO prominent issues with the Steam version of RTCW:ġ) There are widescreen resolutions in the Steam version of the game that were not present in the retail release version of the game. ![]() Instead of purchasing a blanket insurance program that covers all inherent risks for all member types at a greater cost to all members, we can be more specific and actually purchase coverage that accounts for the specific risk of each member type. By doing so, our insurance costs are actually held to a minimum. USA Hockey purchases insurance coverage for each member type, recognizing that the insurance risk for a player/coach is going to be different than it is for an official. Maintaining a separate fee actually assists us in being able to keep our costs down. This is not done on the officiating side for a variety of reasons. In the case of the adult player, USA Hockey utilizes the joint fee for them to coach as a means to encourage these adult players to volunteer their time as a youth hockey coach. Whereas an adult player can also coach under the same registration fee, the official’s fee is separate and must be paid by each official. USA Hockey’s officiating registration fee is considered a separate entity from that of a player and/or coach. It looks as if I'm paying two registration fees to be an official. Not all Local Affiliates (your local governing body) charge a fee each year however this question can be answered by your USA Hockey Local Supervisor of Officials or District Referee-in-Chief. How do I find out if my Local Affiliate charges an annual registration fee? USA Hockey Officiating Program Registration Fees These fees may be collected as part of the USA Hockey application process and then are distributed to the district or affiliate level. In addition, some districts or affiliates also charge a nominal Affiliate Fee in order to fund special programs and local operating expenses. ![]() These include volunteer expenses, seminar expenses, educational materials, printing, postage, and all other expenses incurred to operate the program. All revenue generated from the registration fees is used to cover the day-to-day operations the Officiating Program. The official’s registration fee is collected with the application and must be paid when the application is submitted in order for the application to be processed. Is there a fee involved with the official’s application? Returning officials (those registered the prior season) will be sent a reminder postcard for the current season in early August. Simply look for the Membership Registration link under the OFFICIALS tab at. USA Hockey offers online registration for all officials. ![]() Furthermore, since the registration fee is non-refundable it is strongly encouraged that an official confirms that he can attend a seminar before registering. No, all officials must complete Membership Registration prior to completing Seminar Registration. What are the registration requirements for the various levels of officiating?Ī complete list of registration requirements for each level is listed at the Registration Rules page under the OFFICIALS tab at .Ĭan I attend a seminar before registering as an official? In this instance, you will need to contact the Local Supervisor of Officials for location-specific information. However, some local areas do have minimum age requirements due to their State’s specific Child Labor Laws. Generally, officials can successfully officiate as young as age ten years-old. It is highly recommended that officials not work games of their own age classification or higher, regardless of level attained. USA Hockey has no minimum or maximum ages for officials. Is there a minimum age to start officiating? Does USA Hockey have any assignment guidelines? What levels of games is each respective level of official eligible to work?.Now that I have my Card and Crest and I am eligible to officiate, how do I get games?.Is there a way I can check my registration status?.There is a lot of stuff going to and from the National Office. How long does it take to receive materials?.What do I have to do to make sure I am receiving emails such as registration conformation and exam results?.How do I get credit for attending the seminar?.Where do I find out about the seminars in my area?.Do I have to complete the Open Book Exam prior to attending my seminar?.How long do I have to take the Open Book Rules Exam?.Where can I get a Rule Book and Officiating Manual?.How do I find out who is my Local Supervisor of Officials?.It looks as if I'm paying two registration fees to be an official.How do I find out if my Local Affiliate charges an annual registration fee?.Is there a fee involved with the official’s application?.How do I get an Official’s Application?. ![]()
![]() So I use 49.8 (the color I pick from brush which do not show problem about border height) ![]() When I check color in Gimp with brush (which not cause the issue), newtral gray is not 50 But when I tried to make brush from scratch, (make new height layer, etc), I had experienced many problem for height as same as you, then I tried to use color picker to get newtral gray with other brush which do not show the issue for me.ĭo your all bursh in 3d coat have same issue? if it not work for your hand made brush only, I suppose there should be reason. then I do same thing and can not see problemĢ. I recently only use 3d coat beta version. Though I do not hope you take more time to test,ġ. ![]() Though I do not know if same procedure not work for recent photo-shop, (as I said I use only gimp for this purpose) (or you can save as same file name, then 3d coat auto-update the pen.psd (which saved in temp directory then it will be overwritten) you can export as different name and import it. ![]() (so do not generate any depth)Įdit and export as psd again. then could confirm in 3d coat, height map removed. I tried with GImp but I can remove height map = (color as perfect gray) without problem. then you can edit each layer which you need. It may open photo-shop (which you set path in preference as 2D external editor). So you can keep layer name which actually 3d coat generate. What I recommend is, do not try to make new layer from scratch, but use "Edit in Ext editor" which you need to change. I also tried leaving it completely empty (100% transparent) but that didn't do anything either. I tried To make the HeightMap layer only grey (127,127,127), which supposedly should be at 0 height, but still it doesn't work and the black lines remain. Okay so I created a new psd file, and manually created the 4 layers needed. Selecting this option opens the specified editor and any changes that you make and save from the editor are automatically loaded back into 3DCoat. If you only use some of the available channels, those you do import will also be used according to the table below.Ħ CH: 1, 2, 3 – RGB, 4 – A, 5 – H, 6 – Specħ CH: 1, 2, 3 – RGB, 4 – A, 5 – H, 6 – Spec, 7 – Erase maskĮdit in external editor: Creates a “live” connection between 3DCoat and the external editor you have specified in the “Preferences” section. TIF channels are used, they will all be imported and used according to the table below. The Color layer of the Alpha’s alpha transparency also determines where Glossiness painting occurs.Įrase Mask: This layer is used to create alphas that ignore certain values, in other layers, while painting. Black represents absolutely no Glossiness, with shades of gray representing intermediate values. Glossiness: White represents maximum Glossiness. Darker values will create valleys and lighter values will create peaks. The “zero” height of this Layer corresponds to “middle gray” or (127, 127, 127). Height/Depth effects displacement for sculpting and the height/depth with image based painting. This mask affects the Glossiness Layer, as well. These channels of the Alpha in detail are:Ĭolor: This contains the Brush color as well as its corresponding Transparency mask. An Alpha must have 4 layers each corresponding with the four main channels of a brush in 3DC (as noted above, they are Color, Height/Depth, Glossiness & Erase Mask). Load from PSD/TIF replaces the alpha that has been right clicked on with another image of your choice, as long as it is PSD or TIF. Thanks in advance.įrom 3d coat manuall, it discribe details I might be balding because of this issue and would love some help. It should be this simple right? But no, it decides to create some height information which i do not need and are unable to delete. Next In 3Dcoat I just simply create a new brush with the "open texture file" option and pick the Alpha I created. My Alpha creation workflow is: Open new Photoshop file (1024x1024 or 512x512) and create the alpha using white color against black layer, when I'm happy with it, I delete the black layer and export it to some folder. I know the problem is with Height information, which it for some god damn reason wants to put into the brush, but I just want ONLY the alpha information since i'm only painting color and nothing else. I've have looked at similar forum posts with same problem Like this but nothing has fixed it for me yet. I just got the 3dCoat free trial to learn stylized texture painting, but every single custom brush I make, creates black lines around the edges. ![]() ![]() If you enjoyed these tips and would like to keep it close to you at any time, just save this pin to your Pinterest Volleyball Training Board. Too high or too low. Too high signals will look odd and uncomfortable.If you're exaggerated or demonstrative, you may appear to be overbearing. Too casual or exaggerated. You don't want to appear disinterested in the match.The correct call would be "touch", not "touch" followed by "out". A good example would be a ball touched by a player and landing out of bounds on the same side of the net. This will also confuse people and make you look uncertain of your call. Double signaling. Don't show two different signals for the same fault.Always use the 1-2-3 method for your signal sequence. This is confusing for both players and coaches. Simultaneous volleyball hand signals. Don't blow the whistle and signal at the same time.Always blow the whistle first then look around for assistance. Worry about whether the ball was "in' or "out" later. ![]() Don't hold your whistle if you are unsure of the outcome. For example, as soon as you see the ball hit the floor, blow the whistle.Late whistle. Since the whistle is the first step in the signal sequence, make sure the whistle is blown immediately when a fault has been committed or when the ball hits the floor.Show the fault and if necessary, the player at fault hold the fault signal briefly.Ĭommon errors with volleyball hand signals.Award the point by indicating the next team to serve hold that signal briefly.Some signals require you to indicate the player at fault. Always use the hand or arm on the side of the team that committed the fault. Some volleyball hand signals require two hands When a signal requires only one hand, use the hand that corresponds to the side of the team at fault. As a second referee, you repeat that signal. The first referee will then confirm your decision, award a point and signal which team will serve next. First, use the hand signal that corresponds to the fault you whistled. As a second referee, the signal sequence is different. Second referee sequence As a second referee, there are specific faults to whistle. This signal shows the teams which team will serve next. As a first referee, when you see the ball is out of play or there is a fault, always whistle first. Whistle, award the point, signal the nature of the fault. Especially as a second referee you may want to increase the whistle tone to get attention when attention is elsewhere. Multiple quick whistles are commonly used to stop play for game interruptions such as an injury or errant ball on the court. For game interruptions such as a substitution or timeout, usually best to use a longer whistle tone. For common play-ending situations and faults, usually best to use a louder whistle. Use different tones and volumes for different situations. Be sure to use a good quality whistle that can be heard over the participant and spectator noise. The whistle should be blown with authority and should be loud and crisp. The whistle indicates you have something to communicate. The whistle stops the rally and draws attention to you. Whistle immediately when a fault has been identified, or the ball is otherwise out of play. Practice in front of a mirror and live match situations. This expertise will only occur with repetition. This may be something you need to experiment with senior referees in your area. You may need to adjust your signals to best fit your stature. |
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